Literature and Technical Documents
Structural Lightweight Aggregate Uses

Lightweight Concrete Masonry and SmartWall Systems®

       3001          Guide Specification for Load-Bearing Lightweight Concrete Masonry Units




       3001.1       SmartWall Systems® Guide Specification
                          Minimum net compressive strength 2500 psi and maximum density of 93 lbs per cubic foot.



       3201          Energy Efficient Buildings with SmartWall Systems®
                          Thermal mass, heat capacity, thermal bridges.  R-values and ASHRAE energy code and the
                          ENVSTD program.


       3214.0       Insulating Concrete Masonry Theoretical Maximum "R" Values  (T.A. Holm)
                          Heat flow, Series-parallel, Thermal resistance.



       3220.082   SmartWall Systems®:  We've Been Fired
                           Advertizement



       3384         Freezing and Thawing Resistance of Segmental Retaining Walls  (T.W. Bremner, J.P.
                         Ries)
                        Commercially available Lightweight and Normal weight SRW, 13 suppliers, 33 concrete
                                        mixtures, 175 test samples.


       3530          Life Cycle Energy Cost Analysis 
                     Shows that SmartWall Systems® provides significant savings in all climates.



       3555          Recommended Combined Aggregate Gradation for High Quality Lightweight
                          Concrete Masonry Units
                          Adopted by ASTM  C331

    3600          Lightweight CMU  a weight off our shoulders
                          Although unit price may be slightly higher, increased productivity more than
                          offsets the expense when looking at costs in laying up a wall.  Reprinted for
                          Storypole,  by Kyle Lochonic   ( Feb, 2004)                                                                                            

   3640.1        Producing Structural Lightweight Concrete Block
                          Because of the greater porosity of lightweight aggregates, follow these
                          procedures to ensure
                          production of top-quality concrete masonry units.  Reprinted  Concrete Journal, by
                                        Carolyn Schierhorn  (Feb, 1996)                                          

    3650           SmartWall Systems® The Answers!    Click here for Spanish Version
                           Complete details how SmartWall helps owners, occupants, Architects,
                           Enginners,  Designers, Mason    
                      contractors, Block Manufactures, Fire resistance, Mason productivity, Energy
                                           efficiency  and much more                                                         
                                         


      3650.3        High-Performance Concrete Masonry For the Mason Contractors
                            Mason friendly, profitability, labor cost, Mason's careers, productivity, women
                            masons.
 

      3650.8        Systematically Building better Buildings
                       Reprinted  The Concrete Producer, by Rick Yelton (April, 1999)
 
             
   
      3700.0       Construction with the Speed of Light
                           Shows the correlation between block weight and mason productivity.
 
 

        3700.4       Estimating Production
                           Maintain production history files on every masonry task.
                       Reprinted  Masonry Construction, by  Carolyn Schierhorn (March, 1995)



 

Structural Lightweight Concrete
 

      4000         Lightweight Aggregate Concrete (Fib bulletin #8 362 pages, May 2000)
                          Part 1, Recommended extensions to Model Code 90, guide, Part 2, Identification
                         of research needs, technical report, Part 3, Case studies, State of the Art Report.
                                Contact info@escsi.org 

      4001         Guide Specification for Structural Lightweight Concrete  ( 9-26-01)
                       
 


      4020.4      Structural Lightweight Aggregate Concrete Performance ACI SP136, 1992,
                          (T.A. Holm, A.M. Vaysburd)   Twelve papers, 424 pages.  Contact  info@escsi.org




        4070.2      Lightweight Concrete and Aggregates  ASTM 169C Chapter 48, 1994 ( T.A.
                          Holm)
                          Excellent over view of the complete subject.



         4220        Fire Resistance of Expanded Shale Clay and Slate Structural Concrete
                          Slabs




         4248.0     Specified Density Concrete-A transition for the Concrete Industry (T.A.
                          Holm, J.P.  Ries)                                 
                         Precast and Prestress Concrete, Marine Structures, Internal Curing.



         4248.1     Enhanced Hydration and Properties of Specified Density Concrete
                          (TW Bremner, T.A. Holm, J.P. Ries)   
                          University of New Brunswick research report.


         4362        Impact of Vapor Emission Rate of Lightweight Concrete Slabs on Floor
                          Coverings




         4600.1     Structural Lightweight Aggregate Concrete
                          Using SLC should pose few problems for knowledgeable contractors.
                          Reprint  Concrete Construction, July 95, by Moira Harding


         4600.8     Guide for Structural Lightweight Aggregate Concrete  ACI 213 R-03
                          This is a complete up-to-date guide, Published by ACI in Dec, 2003, a must
                          read by anyone interested in the subject.   Contact info@escsi.org for copy


         4600.10    Theodore Bremner Symposium on High-Performance Lightweight
                            Concrete
                            (J.P. Ries, T.A. Holm),    (CANMET/ACI 2003)  Thirteen papers, 258 pages
                            Contact  info@escsi.org for copy


         4600.12     High - Performance Structural Lightweight Concrete ACI SP-218, 2004
                             (J.P. Ries, T.A. Holm),  Twelve papers, 202 pages.
                            Contact  info@escsi.org for copy

         4600.13    What, Why & How?  Structural Lightweight Concrete NRMCA CIP36, 2003

                            Contact National Ready Mixed Concrete Association, Silver Springs, Maryland
                                          www.nrmca.org


          4600.14     Proceedings  Second International Symposium on Structural
                              Lightweight Aggregate Concrete    2000  Kristiansand, Norway
                              (S. Helland, I. Holand, S.Smeplass) 950 pages, Contact  info@escsi.org  for a copy.
                                           



          4700.0       Building Bridges and Marine Structures with Lightweight Aggregate
                             Concrete, 2001 General information on 25 structures. See publication 4700.4
                              for detailed information.


       4700.3       Criteria for Designing Lightweight concrete Bridges, FHWA, Aug 1985
                             State of the Art on Lightweight Concrete in the design, construction and
                             maintenance of bridges. 153 pages,   Contact   info@escsi.org for copy



          4700.4       Back-up Statistics to Building Bridges and Marine Structures
                              Detailed information on the 25 structures presented in 4700.0



          4700.5       Long-Term Service Performance of Lightweight Concrete Bridge
                              Structures,
                              Reprinted 1995,  International Symposium on SLC, Sandfijord, Norway- by W.R.
                                             Brown, T.J. Larson, Florida DOT. Bridge at Fanning Springs crossing the
                                             Suwanee River

          4700.6       Bridge Rehabilitation with Structural Lightweight Concrete (D.W. Stolldorf,
                             T.A. Holm) Whitehurst Freeway, Washington D.C.  Reprinted Materials for the
                             New Millennium  ASCE  Nov,1996
 

          4700.7       Lightweight HPC on Route 106 Bridge in Virginia by H. Celik Ozyildirium,
                             Virginia Transportation Research Council.  Reprint HPC Bridge Views #32,2004
                             FHWA and NCBC


          4700.8       Lightweight Concrete for a Segmental Bridge (J.A .Murillo, S. Thoman, D.
                             Smith) 1.2 mile long Benicia-Martinez Bridge, San Pablo Bay, Califorina
                             Reprinted Civil Engineering 1994 ASCE


          4700.9      Benefits of Lightweight HPC  (T.A. Holm, J.P. Ries)
                            Reprinted  HPC Bridge Views, 2001  FHWA and NCBC



          4700.10    Lightweight Aggregate Concrete in Norwegian Bridges (S Helland, Selmer
                            AS Skanska AB)
                            Reprinted  HPC Bridge Views, Issue #11, 2000,  FHWA and NCBC



          4700.11    Lightweight Concrete for California's Highway Bridges by James E.
                            Roberts Director Engineering Service Center, Chief Structural Engineer,
                            California DOT Reprinted  PCA Engineered Concrete Structures  Dec, 1998

          4700.12    Structural Lightweight Concrete Bridges by James E. Roberts  Caltrans
                             Reprinted  ASBI Segments, Volume 31, 1997



          4710.4      State-of-the-Art Report on High-Strength, High-Durability Structural Low-
                             Density Concrete for Applications in Severe Marine Environments   (T.A.
                             Holm, T.W. Bremner) 104 pages,   Reprinted Aug 2000, U.S. Army Corps of
                                            Engineers


          4710.5      Performance of Structural Lightweight Concrete in a Marine Environment
                            ( T.A.Holm)  Reprinted ACI SP-65, Aug, 1980



          4710.6      Guide for the Use of Low-Density Concrete in Civil Works Projects
                             (George Hoff)
                             Reprinted Aug, 2002, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers



          4730          Structural Lightweight Concrete on Fire Rated Steel Deck Assemblies
                             July, 2004



          4750.1       University Club Tower: Pioneer in Computer Design (Bill Martin, Fred
                              Gauger)
                              Reprinted ACI Concrete International   Dec, 1997



          4770.0       Go with the Flow  Pumping Structural Lightweight Concrete




          4770.1       Pumping Structural Lightweight Concrete "The Team Approach"
                             Nov, 1996



          4800          Wellington Stadium   4,000 Precast Lightweight Concrete Components
                              Provide Seismic and Economic Solutions     by Leonard G. McSaveney,
                              Golden Bay Cement, Auckland, New Zealand





Asphalt Bituminous Surface Treatment, Lightweight Chip Seal

          5510     Expanded Shale, Clay, and Slate Reference Manual for Asphalt Pavement System
                        290 page manual covering the use of Lightweight Aggregate in chip seal, hotmix, slurry seal,
                        cold patch and other applications. For complete manual Contact  info@escsi.org


          5600     The Road To Success Is Paved With Lightweight Aggregate 
                   Overview of the Benefits of using Lightweight Aggregate, improved skid resistance and
                        eliminate windshield damage.


          5650.1  Lightweight Aggregate - The proven solution to a safe and Economical Road Surface
                         Lightweight Chip Seal, Lightweight Bituminous Surface Treatment




       5700.020   ESC Aggregate in HMA  By Kevin King, TXI
                          Reprint July 21, 2003  Texas Contractor 

  Geotechnical Lightweight Fill 

  
       6001      Lightweight Expanded Shale, Clay and Slate Aggregate for Geotechnical
                       Applications 
                   General Information and Guide Specifiations  (2004)
          

 
       6600      Rotary Kiln Produced Lightweight Aggregate for Geotechnical Applications

         6610     Expanded Shale, Clay and Slate (ESCS) Lightweight Aggregate Soil Mechanics
                   (Properties and Applications)   by T.A. Holm, A.J. Valsongkor
                         Reprinted  Transportation Research Board- Report 1422, 1993 & 2001


       6650     Rotary Kiln Expanded Shale, Clay or Slate Lightweight Aggregate for Sewer Bedding
                       and Fill
                   by William H. McCombs.  Reprinted The American City Magazine  Aug, 1972





General Information about Lightweight Aggregate



    7600.1    Lightweight Concrete ●History●Applications●Economics   Oct 1971
                    Gives an excellent overview and history of the Lightweight Aggregate Industry.  43 pages
                   
 
    7700     Structural Lightweight Aggregates' Holistic Contribution to Sustainable Development
                   ESCSI commitment to Sustainable Development and How SLC fits into the LEED
                   Green Building Rating System.  2004


       7700.1   A Holistic Approach to Sustainability For the Concrete Community (J.P. Ries, T.A.
                         Holm)  Lightweight Concrete-Two Millennia of Proven Performance


     9340    Moisture Dynamics in Lightweight Aggregate and Concrete (T.A. Holm, O.S. Ooi,
                        T.W. Bremner)
                        Reprinted the T.W. Bremner Symposium - Sixth International Conference on Durability
                       of Concrete,  Thessaloniki, Greece  June, 2003



Miscellaneous Uses of Lightweight Aggregate


 

         8600      Introducing the Friendly Material:
                        Rotary Kiln Produced Lightweight Soil Conditioner



         8620      TURFMatrix™ A Superior Soil Amendment 
                   Amending Soils for Turf